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Cultural Anthropology — Key Concepts

Foundational ideas in the study of human cultures

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fieldnotes_fm 15 terms Jul 16, 2025
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Terms 15

1
Ethnography
Qualitative research method involving immersive fieldwork within a culture
2
Culture
Shared values, beliefs, practices, and artifacts of a group of people
3
Cultural Relativism
Judging a culture by its own standards rather than those of another
4
Ethnocentrism
Viewing one's own culture as superior to others
5
Rite of Passage
Ritual marking transition between life stages; e.g. coming-of-age ceremonies
6
Kinship
Social relationships based on descent, marriage, or fictive ties
7
Taboo
Social prohibition against certain behaviors; varies by culture
8
Subculture
Group within a larger culture with distinct norms and values
9
Material Culture
Physical objects and artifacts created by a cultural group
10
Socialization
Process by which individuals learn cultural norms and values
11
Acculturation
Cultural change from sustained contact between two different cultures
12
Assimilation
Process by which a minority culture adopts the dominant culture's traits
13
Totem
Symbol or object representing a clan or social group
14
Ritual
Formal, often symbolic ceremony with social or religious significance
15
Participant Observation
Research method where anthropologist lives within and studies a community