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Sociology — Key Concepts

Foundational ideas in the study of society

S
social_structure 15 terms Aug 29, 2025
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Terms 15

1
Social Structure
Pattern of social relationships and institutions shaping society
2
Social Stratification
Hierarchical ranking of groups in society based on wealth, power, and status
3
Social Mobility
Movement of individuals between social strata
4
Social Institution
Established system meeting society's needs; e.g. family, education, religion
5
Norms
Shared rules and expectations governing behavior in a society
6
Deviance
Behavior that violates social norms
7
Socialization
Lifelong process of learning social norms, values, and roles
8
Class
Division of society based on economic status; working, middle, upper
9
Race
Social construct categorizing humans based on physical characteristics
10
Gender
Social and cultural roles and expectations associated with sex
11
Conflict Theory
Marx-based view: society driven by conflict over scarce resources
12
Functionalism
Society is a system of interconnected parts working together for stability
13
Symbolic Interactionism
People create meaning through social interaction and shared symbols
14
Anomie
Social condition of normlessness or weak social regulation; linked to Durkheim
15
Social Capital
Value of social networks and relationships for individuals and communities