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Physics — Electricity and Magnetism

Core concepts in electrostatics and circuits

O
ohm_my_goodness 15 terms Feb 12, 2026
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Terms 15

1
Electric Charge
Property of matter causing electromagnetic force; positive or negative
2
Coulomb's Law
F = kq₁q₂/r²; force between charges proportional to product and inverse square of distance
3
Electric Field
Region of force around a charged object; E = F/q
4
Voltage (V)
Electric potential difference; energy per unit charge; measured in volts
5
Current (I)
Flow of electric charge; measured in amperes (A)
6
Resistance (R)
Opposition to current flow; measured in ohms (Ω)
7
Ohm's Law
V = IR; voltage equals current times resistance
8
Series Circuit
Components connected in a single path; same current, voltages add
9
Parallel Circuit
Components connected across same two points; same voltage, currents add
10
Power (P)
P = IV = I²R = V²/R; rate of energy transfer; measured in watts
11
Capacitor
Device storing electrical energy in an electric field
12
Magnetic Field
Region of force around moving charges or magnets; measured in Tesla
13
Electromagnetic Induction
Changing magnetic flux induces an electromotive force; Faraday's Law
14
AC vs DC
AC alternates direction; DC flows one direction; power grids use AC
15
Transformer
Device using EM induction to change AC voltage; step-up or step-down