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Human Development — Lifespan Psychology

Theories and stages of human development across the lifespan

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stages_of_life 15 terms Oct 21, 2025
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Terms 15

1
Piaget's Stages
Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational
2
Sensorimotor Stage
Birth–2 years; learns through senses and actions; object permanence develops
3
Preoperational Stage
2–7 years; symbolic thinking; egocentric; lacks conservation
4
Concrete Operational
7–11 years; logical thinking about concrete objects; understands conservation
5
Formal Operational
12+ years; abstract and hypothetical reasoning develops
6
Erikson's Stages
8 psychosocial stages from birth to old age; each has a central conflict
7
Trust vs. Mistrust
Infancy; depends on caregiver reliability; forms basic trust in world
8
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Adolescence; forming sense of self and identity; Erikson stage 5
9
Attachment Theory
Bowlby's theory: secure attachment to caregiver essential for development
10
Zone of Proximal Development
Vygotsky: gap between what child can do alone and with help
11
Scaffolding
Temporary support from a more skilled person helping a learner improve
12
Object Permanence
Understanding that objects continue to exist even when out of sight
13
Theory of Mind
Ability to understand that others have different beliefs and perspectives
14
Puberty
Physical maturation process; hormonal changes; secondary sex characteristics
15
Emerging Adulthood
Period of identity exploration approximately ages 18–25; Arnett's theory