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African History — Pre-Colonial and Modern

Major kingdoms, events, and figures in African history

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africa_unscripted 15 terms Jun 1, 2025
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Terms 15

1
Kingdom of Mali
West African empire 1235–1670; Mansa Musa; wealthy from gold and salt trade
2
Mansa Musa
14th century Mali emperor; pilgrimage to Mecca with enormous wealth; richest person in history
3
Kingdom of Kush
Ancient Nubian kingdom along the Nile; rivaled and briefly ruled Egypt
4
Great Zimbabwe
Stone-walled city in southern Africa; capital of Kingdom of Zimbabwe c. 1100–1450
5
Songhai Empire
Largest empire in West African history; 15th–16th century; center at Timbuktu
6
Axum
Ancient Ethiopian kingdom; major trade power; adopted Christianity in 4th century
7
Trans-Saharan Trade
Ancient trade routes crossing the Sahara exchanging gold, salt, and enslaved people
8
Atlantic Slave Trade
Forced transportation of ~12.5 million Africans to the Americas 1500s–1800s
9
African National Congress
South African political party led anti-apartheid movement; Mandela's party
10
Pan-Africanism
Movement for unity and solidarity among African peoples globally
11
Kwame Nkrumah
Led Ghana to independence 1957; first president; Pan-African leader
12
Rwandan Genocide
1994 mass killing of Tutsi by Hutu majority; ~800,000 killed in 100 days
13
Negritude Movement
Literary and intellectual movement celebrating African identity and culture
14
African Union
Continental organization of 55 African states promoting unity and development
15
Ubuntu
African philosophy: 'I am because we are'; emphasizes communal human dignity