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Chemistry — Gas Laws

Laws describing the behavior of gases

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gas_law_gavin 15 terms Mar 2, 2026
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Terms 15

1
Boyle's Law
At constant temperature: P₁V₁ = P₂V₂; pressure and volume inversely related
2
Charles's Law
At constant pressure: V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂; volume and temperature directly related
3
Gay-Lussac's Law
At constant volume: P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂; pressure and temperature directly related
4
Avogadro's Law
Equal volumes of gases at same T and P contain equal numbers of molecules
5
Combined Gas Law
P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂; combines Boyle's, Charles's, and Gay-Lussac's
6
Ideal Gas Law
PV = nRT; relates pressure, volume, moles, and temperature
7
R (Gas Constant)
0.0821 L·atm/mol·K or 8.314 J/mol·K
8
STP
Standard Temperature and Pressure: 0°C (273 K) and 1 atm
9
Molar Volume
Volume of 1 mole of ideal gas at STP = 22.4 L
10
Dalton's Law
Total pressure of gas mixture equals sum of partial pressures
11
Partial Pressure
Pressure exerted by one gas in a mixture
12
Effusion
Gas escaping through a tiny hole; rate inversely proportional to molar mass
13
Graham's Law
Rate of effusion inversely proportional to square root of molar mass
14
Kinetic Molecular Theory
Gas particles move randomly; elastic collisions; no intermolecular forces
15
Real vs. Ideal Gas
Real gases deviate at high pressure and low temperature; van der Waals equation corrects