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Biology — Immune System

How the body defends against pathogens

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antibody_andie 15 terms Jan 2, 2026
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Terms 15

1
Innate Immunity
Nonspecific first line of defense; immediate; includes skin, inflammation
2
Adaptive Immunity
Specific immune response developing over days; has memory
3
Antigen
Molecule triggering an immune response; usually foreign protein
4
Antibody
Y-shaped protein produced by B cells that binds specific antigens
5
B Cell
Lymphocyte producing antibodies; matures in bone marrow
6
T Cell
Lymphocyte maturing in thymus; helper T cells coordinate response; killer T cells destroy infected cells
7
Helper T Cell
Coordinates immune response by activating B cells and cytotoxic T cells
8
Cytotoxic T Cell
Destroys infected or cancerous cells directly
9
Memory Cell
Long-lived lymphocyte enabling faster response to repeat infection
10
Vaccine
Preparation exposing immune system to weakened antigen to build memory
11
Inflammation
Immune response increasing blood flow and white blood cells to injury site
12
Phagocyte
Cell that engulfs and destroys pathogens; includes macrophages and neutrophils
13
Macrophage
Large phagocyte presenting antigens to T cells
14
Autoimmune Disease
Immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own cells
15
Pathogen
Disease-causing organism; bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites