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Anatomy — Muscles

Major muscle groups and their functions

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flex_those_facts 15 terms Jan 21, 2026
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Terms 15

1
Biceps Brachii
Flexes the elbow; located on front of upper arm
2
Triceps Brachii
Extends the elbow; located on back of upper arm
3
Deltoid
Raises arm; caps the shoulder; three parts: anterior, lateral, posterior
4
Pectoralis Major
Chest muscle; adducts and rotates arm; pushes
5
Latissimus Dorsi
Large back muscle; pulls arm down and back; enables pull-ups
6
Trapezius
Large upper back and neck muscle; elevates and retracts scapula
7
Rectus Abdominis
Front abdominal muscle; flexes spine; the 'six-pack'
8
Quadriceps
Four muscles on front of thigh; extends the knee
9
Hamstrings
Three muscles on back of thigh; flexes knee and extends hip
10
Gluteus Maximus
Largest muscle in body; extends and externally rotates the hip
11
Gastrocnemius
Main calf muscle; plantarflexes foot (points toes down)
12
Soleus
Deeper calf muscle; also plantarflexes foot; dominant during walking
13
Diaphragm
Dome-shaped muscle primary for breathing; separates chest from abdomen
14
Cardiac Muscle
Involuntary muscle of the heart; striated; never fatigues
15
Smooth Muscle
Involuntary muscle lining organs; digestive tract, blood vessels