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World Languages — Language Families

Major language families and their geographic spread

P
polyglot_map 15 terms Apr 10, 2025
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Terms 15

1
Indo-European
Largest language family; includes Germanic, Romance, Slavic, Indic branches
2
Romance Languages
Descended from Latin; Spanish, French, Portuguese, Italian, Romanian
3
Germanic Languages
Include English, German, Dutch, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish
4
Slavic Languages
Include Russian, Polish, Czech, Bulgarian, Ukrainian, Serbian
5
Sino-Tibetan
Second largest family; includes Mandarin, Cantonese, Tibetan, Burmese
6
Afro-Asiatic
Family including Arabic, Hebrew, Amharic, Somali, Hausa
7
Niger-Congo
Largest African family; includes Swahili, Yoruba, Igbo, Zulu
8
Austronesian
Widely spread family from Madagascar to Hawaii; Malay, Tagalog, Hawaiian
9
Dravidian
South Indian family; Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam
10
Turkic
Family spanning Central Asia to Turkey; Turkish, Uzbek, Kazakh, Uyghur
11
Semitic Languages
Branch of Afro-Asiatic; Arabic, Hebrew, Amharic
12
Language Isolate
Language with no known relatives; e.g. Basque, Korean (debated)
13
Creole
Fully developed language evolved from a pidgin; native speakers
14
Lingua Franca
Common language used between speakers of different native languages
15
Proto-Language
Reconstructed ancestral language; e.g. Proto-Indo-European