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AP Chemistry — Periodic Trends

Key periodic table patterns and atomic properties

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chem_nerd_priya 15 terms Mar 5, 2026
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Terms 15

1
Electronegativity
Tendency of an atom to attract electrons in a bond; increases across a period
2
Ionization Energy
Energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom
3
Atomic Radius
Distance from nucleus to outer electron shell; decreases across a period
4
Electron Affinity
Energy released when an atom gains an electron
5
Shielding Effect
Inner electrons reduce effective nuclear charge felt by outer electrons
6
Effective Nuclear Charge
Net positive charge experienced by valence electrons
7
Metallic Character
Tendency to lose electrons; increases down a group
8
Nonmetallic Character
Tendency to gain electrons; increases across a period
9
Isoelectronic
Atoms or ions with the same number of electrons
10
Valence Electrons
Outermost electrons that participate in bonding
11
Octet Rule
Atoms tend to gain or lose electrons to achieve 8 valence electrons
12
Ion
Atom with a net electric charge due to gaining or losing electrons
13
Cation
Positively charged ion formed by losing electrons
14
Anion
Negatively charged ion formed by gaining electrons
15
Periodic Law
Properties of elements repeat periodically when arranged by atomic number